What was Ian Pavlov known for studying?

Ian Pavlov is best known for his groundbreaking work on classical conditioning, which he famously demonstrated through experiments with dogs. In these studies, he observed that dogs would begin to salivate not only when food was presented to them but also when they heard a bell that had been conditioned to signal the arrival of food. This phenomenon, known as classical conditioning, involves learning through association, where a neutral stimulus (the bell) becomes associated with a meaningful stimulus (the food) to produce a learned response (salivation). Pavlov's research provided foundational insights into behavioral psychology and has had lasting impacts on the field. The correct answer reflects this significant contribution to understanding how behaviors can be conditioned and modified through environmental stimuli.